Food Crops News: 02/07/16

Sunday, February 7, 2016

Food Crops News 282

Food Crops News. Ngày cuối năm Âm Lịch. Sang trang Năm mới, Ngày mới. Thông tin Cây Lương thực Toàn cầu tháng 2 năm 2016 (Food Crops News 282). Chuyên trang thu thập, tuyển chọn thông tin Cây Lương thực giùm bạn và giúp bạn luyện học tiếng Anh nông nghiệp chuyên ngành. Hãy luôn kiên trì làm giàu kiến thức công việc chính của bạn

Cassava News 133

WCRTC and CassavaViet

http://www.gcp21.org/wcrtc/PlenaryTableofContents.pdf

World Congress on Root & Tuber Crops - WCRTC

Third Scientific Conference of the Global Cassava Partnership for the 21st Century & 17th Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops

Welcome to the First World Congress on Root and Tuber Crops – WCRTC – resulting from the merger of the 3rd Scientific Conference of the Global Cassava Partnership for the 21st Century (GCP21) & the 17th Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops (ISTRC)

Explore WCRTC here

WCRTC Participants

WCRTC is primarily for scientists working on cassava, sweet-potato, yam, potato, taro and other aroids in tropical countries around the world. But it is also a congress for developers, donors and for the private sector, to better use root and tuber crops for their business. It is of crucial importance that these two worlds come together to better understand each other to better design future crops for optimized products!

Root Crops Around the World

Root and tuber crops (RTCs), including cassava, sweet potato, yams, potato, cocoyams and other root crops are important to the agriculture and food security of more than 100 countries and overall are a component of the diet for 2.2 billion people as well as contributing to animals feeds and industry. The annual world production of root and tuber crops is about 765 million tones (MT) consisting of potatoes (333mt), cassava (237mt), sweet potatoes (130mt), yams (53mt), and taro and other aroids (12mt). The global consumption of tropical root and tuber crops is about 365kg/capita/year.

News dates confirmed for the World Congress on Root and Tuber Crops

Cassava News 132

The cassava revolution in Vietnam

Le Huy Ham^1*, Hoang Kim², Nguyen Thi Truc Mai³, Nguyen Bach Mai⁴and Reinhardt Howeler⁵

1) AGI, Hanoi, 2) NLU, HCM City, 3) HUAF, Hue, 4) TNU, Tay Nguyen, 5) CIAT-emeritus, San Mateo, USA

http://www.gcp21.org/wcrtc/PlenaryTableofContents.pdf

During the past 20 years cassava has become the third most important export crop in Vietnam. In that short period cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) has been converted from a neglected food crop to an important industrial crop. Thanks to its wide adaptability, cassava can be grown in almost all ecological regions in Vietnam, even on poor sloping land, thus contributing significantly to the income of poor farmers. For the last decades cassava production has changed dramatically: between 1975 and 2000, cassava yields in the country ranged from 6 to 8 t/ha, and the crop was grown mainly for human food and animal feeding. This situation changed markedly with the introduction by CIAT scientists in 1988 of high-yielding breeding lines and new varieties from Thailand. The area under cassava increased from 237,600 ha in 2000 to 560,000 ha in 2014, while yields increased from 8.4 t/ha to 18.3 t/ha. The export value of cassava is now about 1.3-1.5 billion US$/year, making this crop the third most important among export crops, after only rice and coffee.

Cassava Conservation and Sustainable Development in Vietnam has been very successful, as indicated by the results of trials and demonstrations conducted in Tay Ninh, Dak Lak, Phu Yen and Dong Nai provinces, where farmers using the improved varieties and practices boosted cassava yields from 8.5 t/ha to 36 t/ha − a more than four-fold increase. The Vietnam National Cassava Program (VNCP) has introduced various methodologies, named “6M” and “10T” (after the Vietnamese titles all starting with M or T, respectively), as well as Farmer Participatory Research (FPR). These are collaborative experiences that helped to bring advanced technologies into production for millions of poor farmers. This included the selection of high-yielding varieties and the testing and selection by farmers of locally appropriate technologies.

Cassava in Vietnam: Trends, Challenges and Direction. Cassava is now considered to be the most suitable crop for biofuel production in Vietnam, because of its wide availability and low cost of production, as compared to other potential biofuel crops like maize or sugarcane. Cassava in Vietnam has great potential, but also big challenges. To make cassava production profitable and more sustainable there is a need for varietal improvement in disease resistance and starch content, as well as better cultivation techniques. Modern methods of biotechnology for plant improvement, like genetic engineering, marker assisted selection and others should be incorporated in cassava breeding. A Joint laboratory between CIAT-RIKEN (Japan) and the Agricultural Genetics Institute (AGI-Vietnam) for Cassava Molecular Breeding has been established in AGI as an open platform for cassava research and breeding in Vietnam and the region.

Cassava conservation and sustainable development in Vietnam

Hoang Kim [1], Nguyen Thi Truc Mai [2], Nguyen Bach Mai [3] and Reinhardt Howeler [4]

ABSTRACT

The project entitled “Vietnam Cassava Conservation and Sustainable Development” has been very successful, as indicated by the results of trials and demonstrations conducted in Tay Ninh, Dak Lak, Phu Yen and Dong Nai provinces, where farmers using the improved technologies and practices boosted cassava yields from 8.5 t/ha to 36 t/ha - a more than four fold increase.

During the period from 1975 to 2015 cassava has become the third most important food crop in Vietnam, after rice and maize. In 2013 the cassava area in Vietnam reached 544,300 ha, with a production of 9.74 million tonnes, and an average yield of 17.9 t/ha. Within Asia, Vietnam is now the third largest cassava producer, after Thailand and Indonesia. Between 1975 and 2000, cassava yields in the country ranged from 6 to 8 t/ha, and the crop was grown mainly for human food and animal feeding. This changed markedly with the introduction by CIAT in 1988 of some high-yielding breeding lines and varieties from Thailand. Two varieties, Rayong 60 and KU 50, were selected for release in 1993 and 1995 and were named KM60 and KM94, respectively. During the 1990s and the first decade of the 21^st Century, Vietnam produced several new cassava varieties, initially mainly selections from sexual seed from Thailand and CIAT, such as KM95-3, SM937-26, KM98-1, KM98-7, but our breeders also made crosses that resulted in the release of the latest new varieties: KM140, KM98-5, KM419 and others. The breeding and adoption of new varieties as well as the development and adoption of more sustainable production practices resulted in a complete transformation of cassava, from a poor man’s food crop to a highly profitable industrial crop. More recently, new advances in cassava cultivation techniques have focused on key demonstration sites in the provinces of Tay Ninh, Dak Lak and Phu Yen using mainly KM419 as a very promising short-duration cassava variety with a fresh root yield of about 35-55 t/ha (28% higher than KM94) and a starch content of about 28-31%. This and other new varieties, together with new advances in cassava cultivation techniques, have yielded spectacular results in trials organized in those three provinces.

The Vietnam National Cassava Program (VNCP) has introduced various methodologies, named “6M” and “10T”, as well as Farmer Participatory Research (FPR), as collaborative experiences that helped to bring advanced technologies into production for millions of poor farmers. This included the selection of high-yielding varieties and the testing and selection by farmers of locally appropriate technologies. Cassava in Vietnam has great potential but also faces big challenges. At the national level, cassava has become one of the main export crops, which has provided for millions of smallholders an opportunity to increase their yields and improve their standard of living.

Key words: Cassava, production, utilization, cultivation techniques, achievements, lessons and challenges, conservation, sustainable development, Vietnam.

Báo Nông nghiệp Việt Nam: Giới thiệu 5 giống sắn mới
Tuyển chọn 4 giống sắn mới; Thu hoạch sắn ở Phú Yên

Cassava in Vietnam: Save and Grow, PhuYen

Cassava in Vietnam: Save and Grow DakLak video 1 2, 3
Cassava in Vietnam: Save and Grow, Tay Ninh, video 1

[1] Nong Lam University (NLU), Linh Trung, Thu Duc, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam;

hoangkim.vietnam@gmail.com; hoangkim@hcmuaf.edu.vn

² Hue University of Agriculture and Forestry (HUAF), 102 Phung Hung, Hue, Vietnam;

maiyourlove2003@yahoo.com

³ Tay Nguyen University (TNU), 567 Le Duan - Buon Ma Thuot , Dak Lak , Vietnam;
maithuyantam@gmail.com

⁴ CIAT-Emeritus; r.howeler@cgiar.org

Farmer field day in Dong Xuan, Phu Yen: one of 10T

food crops

Daily update ⋅ February 7, 2016

NEWS

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